Arthrodesis of the ankle joint by Ilizarov external fixator in patients with infection or poor bone stock

Abstract 

Background

Ankle arthrodesis is the most common surgical treatment for end stage ankle arthritis. Many surgical techniques have been described to achieve this purpose. The aim of the present study is to assess the results of the Ilizarov external fixator in performing ankle fusion in patients who have infection or poor bone stock at the region of the ankle joint.

Patients and methods

Twelve patients with secondary ankle arthritis were treated by ankle arthrodesis using the Ilizarov external fixator. Eight were males and four were females. The age ranged from 23 to 56 with an average of 42.8 years. Active infection was present in 7 cases and the bone stock was deficient in 5 cases. Bone lengthening was done in 4 cases to equalize the limb length.

Results

Sound fusion was achieved in all the cases except one. Infection was controlled in all the infected cases. Ten cases could walk without support, one could walk with a cane and one case required an ankle foot orthosis. All patients were satisfied with their results except one. The complications had included pin tract infection in 9 cases, varus deformity of about 15 degrees in 1 case and fibrous ankylosis in 1 case.

Conclusion

The Ilizarov technique is a good method for ankle fusion especially in presence of infection, bone defects or shortening.

Keywords: Ankle arthrodesis, Ilizarov external fixator