Long-term follow-up on microsurgical free-tissue transfer in foot and ankle reconstruction

Abstract 

Background

We have previously reported on the efficacy of free-tissue transfer in ankle and foot reconstruction with a mean follow-up period of 3.7 years (9 months–7.5 years) postoperatively. This study will evaluate the long-term results of free-tissue transfer performed for soft tissue defect coverage, diabetic foot salvage and the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis in 38 patients.

Methods

The long-term efficacy of free-tissue transfer for foot and ankle reconstruction was evaluated in a retrospective study among patients operated during a period of 5 years (January 1992–December 1996); 38 were available for follow-up.

Indications for reconstruction included acute wounds with soft tissue defects, diabetic foot ulcers, and chronic osteomyelitis.

Results

At a mean follow-up of 12 years, there were no major complications in the soft tissue defect group. Among the diabetic patients, two patients had recurrent ulcerations of the forefoot which were detected early and treated conservatively. In the osteomyelitis group, however, there were no recurrences of the foot infection.

Conclusions

The free-tissue transfer provided an excellent method of soft tissue reconstruction with a very minimal long-term complication rate, and a very high rate of success in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers and chronic osteomyelitis.

Keywords: Microsurgery, Free-tissue transfer, Reconstruction, Foot, Ankle